Furnace.



W. V. JEAN.

FURNACE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT.26, I912. RENEWED DEC-28,1914. 1,146,625

Patented July 13, 1915.

IIVVENTOR WIYNESSES ATTORNEYS VIENCESLAS V. JEAN, OF SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA.

FURNACE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 13, 1915.

Application filed september 26, 1912, Serial No. 722,509. Renewed December 28, 1914. Serial No. 879,384.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WENCESLAS l JEAN, a citizen of the United States, and. a resident of San Diego, in the county of San Diego and State of California, have made certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification. My invention relates to furnaces and more particularly to smelting furnaces of a type suitable for smelting iron from the black sands of the West. 1

1y invention comprehends a number of improvements, more or less related to each other, and having a common object, to wit, general improvement in efiiciency and saving of fuel. Y

More particularly stated, my invention comprehends a simple form of furnace adapted to be operated by gaseous or vaporous fuel and in which the heat is distributed as nearly equally as possible in difierent portions of the life chamber, the twyers being suitably located and positioned for this purpose.

-My invention further comprehends the provision of a dome of suitable form surmounted by a hollow arch arranged to serve as a thermal jacket or backing for the dome to prevent undue escape of heat from the latter and for effectively causing the dome to reflect the heat and particularly the radiant heat toward the material operated upon.

My invention also contemplates various specific improvements relating to furnaces generally and adapted to promote cheapness of construction and operation, thoroughness of combustion of the fuel and economy in the saving of metal.

Reference is made to the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and in which like letters indicate like parts.

Figure 1 is a substantially central vertical section through my improved furnace. Fig. 2- is a plan of the same. Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section through the top of the furnace and taken substantially at a right angle to the section shown sin Fig. 1.

A jacket or external surface lining is shown at 3 and is made preferably of sheet metal. WVithin this jacket and concentric to the same is the wall 5 which may be made of fire brick or other refractory material. An opening 6 is provided adjacent to the bottom of the wall andextends throughthe lining. This opening serves as a tap hole and ,with two passages 9 is used for drawing off the liquid metal as the latter accumulates from time to time in the bottom of the furnace. A dome 7 made also of fire brick or other refractory materlal is connected integrally with the wall 5 and is of suitable form to reflect radiant heat and concentrate the latter as nearly as practicable at the bottom and off the center of the furnace. The dome 7 is surmounted by an arch 8 of the general for; shown more particularly in Fig. 2 and having a curvature conforming approximately to that of the outer or upper surface of the dome. The arch 8 is hollow and to this end is provided which merge into another passage 10, these passages 9 and 10 together approximating a form similar to the general outer form of the arch. A smoke stack 11 is fitted centrally into the upper portiont of the arch, and communicates with the passage 1.0. A feed hopper is shown at 12 and extending from it through the furnace wall is a feed chute 13. R adially mounted within the feed chute and hoppeer is a feed screw 14, the'latter being provided with a pulley 15 by which it may be rotated.

Adjacent to the feed chute 13 is a twyer 16 which extends through the furnace wall at an angle and is thus slightly tangential in relation to the cylindrical form of the wall. Around the twyer 16 is built up a projection 18 of refractory material for the purpose of preventing undue heat of the twyer from reaching the feed'chute l3 and also of protecting the twyer from falling material fed inwardly from the feed chute. Communicating with the twyer 16 is a fuel pipe 17 adapted for conveying either gaseous or vaporous fuel-or in other words suitable to be connected with a gas supply or with an oil supply as desired. Other fuel pipes, in this instance three in number, are shown at 19 and are positioned slightly tangential in relation to the cylindrical Wall of the furnace. Air pipes 21 are severally connected with the fuel pipes 17 and 19. The operation of my device is as follows: Theparts being arranged as above described and the burners being lighted, the material to be operated upon is placed in the feed hopper 12 and by rotation of the pulley .15 the feed screw 14 slowly forces the material from the hopper through the feed chute and into the furnace. The heating jets from the twyers are, by the form and location of the twyers,

directed angularly downward and maintained in such positions as to miss each other as well as to avoid concentration of the flames and heat upon the center or upon any other particular portion of the bottom of the. furnace.

The tangential arrangement of the twyers establishes and maintains more or less of a whirling or vortex motion of the flames and I gives the smoke and hot gases a whirling hot gas issuing from the tW ers and in this manner the total heating e ect of the furnace is distributed as nearly equally as practicable. This equal distribution of the heat the heat is not only prevented to a large extent from escaping, but is concentrated downward and disposed entirely across the bottom of the furnace.

The tangential arrangement of the twyers motion, and as the gases are projected downwardly they heat the bottom of the furnace thoroughly and-uniformly after which they rise and heat the dome.

Having thus described my invention 1 claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

1. The combination of a furnace body, a dome mounted over the same, an arch extending directly over said dome, said arch being Wider at its ends than at its middle portion and having a curvature conforming substantially to that of said dome, said arch being hollow and communicating with said body portion for the purpose of conveying flames and heat gases therefrom in order to head said dome.

2. The combination of a body portion, a dome surmounting said body portion for refleeting heat thereinto, a plurality of twyers extending tangentially into said body portion and located near the base of said dome, said twyers inclining downwardly for the purpose of conferring upon flames and hot gases a whirling motion accompanied by a downward motion.

WENOESLAS V. JEAN.

Witnesses:

H; E. STANTON,

AUG. R. Scnnvrrrr. 

